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Chợ Thủ Đức · A 17th-century market town, a Thai-style stupa, and a pagoda you reach by boat

Thủ Đức

Thủ Đức is one of the oldest place names in the Saigon area and, at the same time, one of the shortest-lived cities in modern Vietnamese administrative history. This page covers both halves of it: the old market town at its historic core, and the area once known as District 9 to its east.

A note on names: Thủ Đức City existed only from 1 January 2021 to 1 July 2025, when it was dissolved into 12 wards directly under Ho Chi Minh City — the second-shortest-lived city-level unit in modern Vietnamese history. This page uses "Thủ Đức" the way residents do, to describe the broader area, including the zone once known as District 9. It replaces our earlier standalone District 9 page.

History

Few place names in the Saigon area have survived as many administrative reshufflings as Thủ Đức — nearly four centuries as a market town, followed by a dizzying run of district, city and ward status changes in the last three decades alone.

1667–1725

In the Linh Chiểu Đông area, Chinese merchant Tạ Dương Minh — known by the honorific "Thủ Đức" — helps clear and settle the land and builds the first version of what will become Thủ Đức market; see Architecture, below.

1942

Lay Buddhist Võ Hà Thuật founds Chùa Bửu Long on a hill overlooking the Đồng Nai river, in the area that will later become District 9; see Architecture, below.

1868

Thủ Đức district is established under Biên Hòa province, the name's first appearance as a formal administrative unit.

1955

Thủ Đức district is reorganized under Gia Định province, and continues under this arrangement through reunification in 1975.

6 January 1997

The old, much larger Thủ Đức district is dissolved and split three ways into District 2, District 9 and a smaller Thủ Đức district — the market town keeps the name, while the area further east, including Chùa Bửu Long, becomes District 9.

2007

Chùa Bửu Long undergoes major reconstruction, adding the gold-plated Gotama Cetiya stupa that makes it instantly recognizable today.

1 January 2021

District 2, District 9 and Thủ Đức district are merged to form Thủ Đức City, Vietnam's first "city within a city," under the Ho Chi Minh City government.

1 July 2025

Following a nationwide reform eliminating district-level administrative units, Thủ Đức City is itself dissolved and reorganized into 12 wards under direct Ho Chi Minh City administration — after just 4 years and 6 months, making it the second-shortest-lived city-level unit in modern Vietnamese history; see Anecdotes, below.

Two names, one area

This page merges what were, for 23 years, two separate districts with very different characters — a market town at the center, and a much greener, more sparsely built zone to its east.

Thủ Đức proper

The old market town

Centered on the historic Chợ Thủ Đức, this is the area with the deepest roots — nearly 400 years of continuous settlement around the same stretch of land, long before any of the surrounding districts existed in their modern form.

The former District 9

The greener zone to the east

Established in 1997 as a separate district carved from the same old Thủ Đức territory, this area stayed comparatively rural and forested for most of its 23-year existence, and is home to both temples described below.

Chợ Thủ Đức and Chùa Bửu Long

Chợ Thủ Đức, a market nearly 400 years old

Kha Vạn Cân street

Founded by Chinese merchant Tạ Dương Minh sometime between 1667 and 1725, this market gave the entire district its name — "Thủ Đức" was Tạ Dương Minh's own honorific title, not a place name that existed before him. Burned down and rebuilt in wood in 1882, then reconstructed again in 1906 with an iron-framed, brick-walled market hall, it has been continuously expanded ever since; a second hall was added around 1940. Tạ Dương Minh's tomb, restored by local authorities in 1890 and again after 1975, still stands nearby, a rare case of a market founder being formally memorialized so close to the market he built.

Chùa Bửu Long, a hill dressed in gold

81 Nguyễn Xiển street, Long Bình ward

Founded in 1942 by lay Buddhist Võ Hà Thuật, this Theravada Buddhist temple sits on an 11-hectare hillside overlooking the Đồng Nai river. Its defining feature arrived much later: a 2007 renovation added the Gotama Cetiya, a 56-meter gold-plated stupa built in a style borrowed directly from Thailand rather than the Sino-Vietnamese architecture common elsewhere in the city, making it one of the few genuinely Thai-style religious structures in Vietnam. Free to enter and unusually peaceful for how well-known it's become, the temple is at its most striking in the soft early-morning or late-afternoon light.

Places to discover

Chùa Phước Long, the pagoda you can only reach by boat

Cù lao Bà Sang islet, Long Bình ward

Also known locally as Chùa Châu Đốc 3, this pagoda sits on a small islet in the middle of the Đồng Nai river, accessible only by a short boat crossing — a genuinely unusual way to reach a place of worship this close to a major city. Inside its grounds, alongside a 10-meter reclining Buddha, visitors find a small menagerie of brightly painted folk statues drawn from Journey to the West, including the Monkey King and the monk Tang Sanzang, plus an eclectic collection of antique cars and pottery.

Two stories the guidebooks skim past

A person's name, still worn by a whole district

"Thủ Đức" was never a place name in the way "Sài Gòn" or "Gia Định" were — it was the honorific title of one man, Tạ Dương Minh, a Chinese merchant who had fled after the failed "anti-Qing, restore-Ming" resistance movement and settled in Linh Chiểu, helping clear the land and eventually building the market that would carry his name. A 1909 folk verse still recorded today puts it plainly: "Long ago, Mr. Tạ Dương Minh / built Thủ Đức market at Linh Chiểu." More than three centuries later, his honorific title still names not just a market, but an entire urban area of over a million people — one of the few times in the city's history that a single settler's nickname outlived the empire, the colony and the several republics that followed.

The city that lasted four and a half years

Thủ Đức City was created on 1 January 2021 as Vietnam's first "city within a city" — a new administrative category meant to give the merged District 2, District 9 and Thủ Đức district more autonomy to develop as a technology and innovation hub. It never got the chance to settle into that role. On 1 July 2025, as part of a nationwide reform eliminating the district level of government altogether, Thủ Đức City was dissolved and reorganized into 12 wards reporting directly to Ho Chi Minh City — after exactly 4 years and 6 months, the second-shortest lifespan of any city-level administrative unit in modern Vietnamese history. The old District 9 zone, itself already a product of one earlier dissolution in 1997, had by then been folded, unfolded and refolded into the map three times within three decades.

Five addresses, from fermented pork rolls to crab noodles

Nem Thủ Đức

~30,000–60,000 VND per bundle

Around Kha Vạn Cân street, near Chợ Thủ Đức

Fermented pork rolls, tangy and slightly sour, sold in bundles from stalls that have lined the market's frontage for generations — the district's signature specialty, named for the very market described above.

Bánh canh ghẹ Ngọc Lâm

~60,000–120,000 VND

26 Lê Văn Việt street, Hiệp Phú ward

A long-running crab noodle soup shop in the old District 9 zone, known for the size and freshness of its crab.

Cơm Tấm 153 – Đình Phong Phú

~27,000–45,000 VND

58 Đình Phong Phú street, Tăng Nhơn Phú B ward

A no-frills breakfast and lunch spot for broken-rice plates, popular enough with locals that it regularly sells out well before closing.

Cơm Tấm Phúc Lộc Thọ

~40,000–90,000 VND

Phước Long B ward

A larger, sit-down version of the same broken-rice tradition, with a menu built around combo sets and enough seating for group meals.

Bún riêu Cô Sáu

~35,000–55,000 VND

Former District 9 zone

A friendly neighborhood breakfast stall for crab and tomato noodle soup, with a side menu of other noodle dishes for anyone who wants a change.

Getting there

Thủ Đức sits northeast of central Saigon, typically 15-30 minutes by scooter or taxi from District 1 depending on which part you're headed to — the old market town is closer, the temples in the former District 9 zone considerably further out.

Chùa Bửu Long is easily reached by road; Chùa Phước Long requires a short boat crossing arranged locally at the riverbank. Both temples are free to visit, and modest dress is expected at each.

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